Risk Perception and Fatigue in Port Workers: A Pilot Study.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to assess fatigue in port workers; analyze the association between fatigue and levels of trust in organizations, as well as the association between authorities and risk perception; and examine the official documents governing the studied port, along with the current health and communication status of the port workers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a descriptive and cross-sectional pilot study, which presented quantitative and qualitative data, and it was carried out among port workers in the city of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Thirty-nine port workers responded to quantitative questionnaires, which collected their socio-demographic data, as well as a risk perception questionnaire, the Chalder Fatigue Scale, and the Checklist of Individual Strength. Five documents from the port regiment were studied and qualitatively analyzed. The health communications consisted of presenting infographics with research data and providing information for reducing fatigue. RESULTS: Fifteen workers (38.5%) were considered fatigued. There was a reduction in fatigue associated with trust in the unions and the labor management body, and there was an agreement that the precarious environment was completely unacceptable. The qualitative data in the documents indicated that it was possible to identify the infrastructure of the port environment, the legislation, the strategies to be adopted in cases of natural disasters, emergency plans, plans for the protection and promotion of workers' health, individual and collective protection plans, the division of the sectors and those responsible for them, and documents detailing the hierarchy within the ports. The qualitative analysis culminated in graphic representations (infographics) created to communicate the research results to port workers, specifically in relation to fatigue, and we presented the ways to prevent fatigue at work. Discussion/Limitations: Studying the risk perceptions and fatigue levels of port workers through research with the active participation of these workers presented their lived experiences, which promoted discussion and perhaps more effective proposals to change their work conditions.

Efectividad de las intervenciones contra la violencia laboral que sufren los profesionales de la salud y de apoyo: metanálisis / Physical and psychological repercussions on Nursing workers' health in COVID-19 units: A mixed-methods research study / Repercussões físicas e psicológicas na saúde de trabalhadores de enfermagem em unidades COVID-19: pesquisa de métodos mistos

Objetivo: analizar cómo los trabajadores de enfermería de unidades hospitalarias de COVID-19 perciben las repercusiones físicas y psicológicas del trabajo sobre su salud, e identificar los factores asociados a la percepción. Método: estudio de métodos mixtos de convergencia paralela realizado con 359 trabajadores de enfermería de unidades de COVID-19 en siete hospitales. Para la recolección de datos cuantitativos se utilizó un cuestionario que contiene variables sociodemográficas, laborales y relacionadas con la percepción de repercusiones físicas y psicológicas, y para los datos cualitativos se utilizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas. Para el análisis se utilizó estadística inferencial y análisis de contenido temático Resultados: os trabajadores diurnos, que tenían más de un trabajo y trabajaban más de 41 horas/semana, percibieron las repercusiones físicas como más moderadas/intensas, debido a la sobrecarga y falta de días libres. Los enfermeros CLT percibieron repercusiones psicológicas más moderadas/intensas, y las atribuyeron a la sobrecarga gerencial y la insatisfacción laboral. Las mujeres tenían 97% más probabilidades de percibir repercusiones físicas y tres veces más probabilidades de percibir repercusiones psicológicas, en comparación con los hombres, en referencia a la sobrecarga doméstica y familiar. Conclusión: las sobrecargas laborales y familiares, intensificadas por la pandemia, se asociaron con la intensidad con la que los trabajadores de enfermería percibieron las repercusiones físicas y psíquicas.

Objective: to analyze how Nursing workers in COVID-19 hospital units perceive the physical and psychological repercussions of work on their health, as well as to identify the factors associated with their perceptions. Method: a parallel-convergent mixedmethods study conducted with 359 Nursing workers from COVID-19 units in seven hospitals. For the collection of quantitative data, a questionnaire containing sociodemographic and labor variables and related to perceptions of physical and psychological repercussions were used, and for qualitative data, semi-structured interviews were used. For the analysis, inferential statistics and thematic content analysis were used. Results: daytime workers, who had more than one employment contract and worked more than 41 hours/week perceived more moderate/intense physical repercussions, reporting overload and time off deficits. Nurses and CLT workers perceived psychological repercussions more moderately/intensely, mentioning managerial overload and job dissatisfaction. Women were 97% more likely to perceive physical repercussions and three times more likely to perceive psychological repercussions when compared to men, reporting household and family overloads. Conclusion: work and family overloads, intensified by the pandemic context, were associated with the intensity with which Nursing workers perceived physical and psychological repercussions.

Objetivo: analisar como os trabalhadores de enfermagem de unidades hospitalares COVID-19 percebem as repercussões físicas e psicológicas do trabalho em sua saúde e os fatores associados à sua percepção. Método: estudo de métodos mistos paralelo-convergente realizado com 359 trabalhadores lotados em unidades COVID-19 de sete hospitais. Para a coleta de dados quantitativos foram utilizados um questionário contendo variáveis sociodemográficas, laborais e relacionadas às percepções de repercussões físicas e psicológicas e, para a qualitativa, entrevistas semiestruturadas. Para a análise utilizou-se estatística inferencial e análise temática de conteúdo. Resultados: trabalhadores diurnos, que tinham mais de um vínculo empregatício e trabalhavam mais de 41 horas/semana perceberam as repercussões físicas como mais moderadas/intensas, devido à sobrecarga e déficit de folgas. Enfermeiros e celetistas perceberam as repercussões psicológicas mais moderadas/intensas, atribuindo-as à sobrecarga gerencial e insatisfação trabalhista. Mulheres apresentaram 97% mais chance de perceberem repercussões físicas e três vezes mais chance de perceberem repercussões psicológicas, quando comparadas aos homens, referindo sobrecarga doméstica e familiar. Conclusão: sobrecargas laborais e familiares, intensificadas pelo contexto pandêmico, foram associadas à intensidade com a qual os trabalhadores da enfermagem perceberam repercussões físicas e psicológicas.

Physical and psychological repercussions on Nursing workers' health in COVID-19 units: A mixed-methods research study. / Efectividad de las intervenciones contra la violencia laboral que sufren los profesionales de la salud y de apoyo: metanálisis.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze how Nursing workers in COVID-19 hospital units perceive the physical and psychological repercussions of work on their health, as well as to identify the factors associated with their perceptions. METHOD: a parallel-convergent mixedmethods study conducted with 359 Nursing workers from COVID-19 units in seven hospitals. For the collection of quantitative data, a questionnaire containing sociodemographic and labor variables and related to perceptions of physical and psychological repercussions were used, and for qualitative data, semi-structured interviews were used. For the analysis, inferential statistics and thematic content analysis were used. RESULTS: daytime workers, who had more than one employment contract and worked more than 41 hours/week perceived more moderate/intense physical repercussions, reporting overload and time off deficits. Nurses and CLT workers perceived psychological repercussions more moderately/intensely, mentioning managerial overload and job dissatisfaction. Women were 97% more likely to perceive physical repercussions and three times more likely to perceive psychological repercussions when compared to men, reporting household and family overloads. CONCLUSION: work and family overloads, intensified by the pandemic context, were associated with the intensity with which Nursing workers perceived physical and psychological repercussions.

Working conditions in COVID-19 hospital units: perceptions of nursing workers.

OBJECTIVE: To know the perceptions of nursing workers about their working conditions in COVID-19 hospital units. METHOD: Qualitative, descriptive, multicenter study, carried out in September 2020 and July 2021 with 35 nursing workers from COVID-19 units of seven hospitals in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Data were produced through semi-structured interviews and submitted to thematic content analysis with the support of NVivo software. RESULTS: The participants reported availability of material resources and personal protective equipment, but perceived a lack of human resources, multiprofessional support and extra absorption of tasks, resulting in the intensification of work and culminating in overload. Professional and institutional aspects were also mentioned, such as fragility in professional autonomy, wage lag, payment delays and little institutional appreciation. CONCLUSION: Nursing workers in the COVID-19 units lived with precarious working conditions, worsened by organizational, professional and financial elements.

Pleasure and suffering of nursing in COVID-19 hospital units: between disenchantment and formation of meanings.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the experiences of pleasure and suffering of nursing workers in COVID-19 hospital units. METHODS: a multicenter, qualitative study, developed with 35 nursing workers from COVID-19 units in seven hospitals in southern Brazil. Data were produced through semi-structured interviews, submitted to thematic content analysis with the help of NVivo. RESULTS: experiences of pleasure were linked to gratification, identification with work content, positive results in care, recognition, integration with the team and personal overcoming. Suffering was revealed in daily life of deaths and losses, feelings of helplessness, team conflicts, institutional demands, professional devaluation. Workers reported disenchantment, but also strengthening the meaning of their work, highlighting frontline impacts on their mental health. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: in the dynamics between pleasure and suffering in nursing work in COVID-19 hospital units, elements point to the risk of psychological illness.

Musculoskeletal Pain in the Neck and Lower Back Regions among PHC Workers: Association between Workload, Mental Disorders, and Strategies to Manage Pain.

Scientific evidence indicates that workers in the health sector are commonly exposed to work-related musculoskeletal pain. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to identify the relationship between the presence and intensity of musculoskeletal pain in the neck and lumbar regions reported by Primary Health Care (PHC) workers with workloads and occupational risks, analyze musculoskeletal pain in the presence and absence of self-reported mental disorders based on a medical diagnosis, and identify workers' strategies to manage pain. METHOD: This cross-sectional study addressed 338 health professionals working in PHC outpatient services in the extreme South of Brazil. One questionnaire addressed sociodemographic questions concerning occupation, occupational risks, and mental disorders. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was used to assess self-reported musculoskeletal pain. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) measured the workload. A descriptive and inferential analysis was performed using SPSS version 21.0. RESULTS: Most (55.3%) participants reported neck and (64.5%) lower back pain in the previous 12 months, and 22.5% and 30.5% reported intense neck and lower back pain, respectively, in the previous 12 months. The results showed different independent associations with increased musculoskeletal pain among health workers. Dentists presented the highest prevalence of neck pain, while female workers presented the highest prevalence of lower back pain. Furthermore, the perception of ergonomic risk and virtually all self-reported mental disorders (except panic syndrome for neck pain) were associated with pain in the neck and lower back regions and a higher frustration level (mental demand). Additionally, professionals with graduate degrees, nurses, and professionals working the longest in PHC services reported seeking complementary therapies more frequently, while physicians and those with self-reported mental disorders self-medicated more frequently.

Working conditions in COVID-19 hospital units: perceptions of nursing workers / Condiciones laborales en unidades hospitalarias COVID-19: percepciones de los trabajadores de enfermería / Condições de trabalho em unidades hospitalares COVID-19: percepções de trabalhadores de enfermagem

ABSTRACT Objective: To know the perceptions of nursing workers about their working conditions in COVID-19 hospital units. Method: Qualitative, descriptive, multicenter study, carried out in September 2020 and July 2021 with 35 nursing workers from COVID-19 units of seven hospitals in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Data were produced through semi-structured interviews and submitted to thematic content analysis with the support of NVivo software. Results: The participants reported availability of material resources and personal protective equipment, but perceived a lack of human resources, multiprofessional support and extra absorption of tasks, resulting in the intensification of work and culminating in overload. Professional and institutional aspects were also mentioned, such as fragility in professional autonomy, wage lag, payment delays and little institutional appreciation. Conclusion: Nursing workers in the COVID-19 units lived with precarious working conditions, worsened by organizational, professional and financial elements.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Conocer las percepciones de los trabajadores de enfermería sobre sus condiciones de trabajo en unidades hospitalarias COVID-19. Método: Estudio cualitativo, descriptivo, multicéntrico, realizado en septiembre de 2020 y julio de 2021 con 35 trabajadores de enfermería de unidades COVID-19 en siete hospitales de Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Los datos fueron producidos a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas y sometidos al análisis de contenido temático con la ayuda del software NVivo. Resultados: Los participantes mencionaron la disponibilidad de recursos materiales y equipos de protección personal, pero percibieron falta de recursos humanos, apoyo multidisciplinario y absorción extra de tareas, lo que resultó en la intensificación del trabajo y culminó en la sobrecarga. También se mencionaron aspectos profesionales e institucionales, como fragilidad en la autonomía profesional, brecha salarial, retrasos en los pagos y poca valorización institucional. Conclusión: Los trabajadores de enfermería de las unidades COVID-19 vivían con la precariedad de las condiciones de trabajo, agravada por elementos organizativos, profesionales y económicos.

RESUMO Objetivo: Conhecer as percepções de trabalhadores de enfermagem acerca de suas condições de trabalho em unidades hospitalares COVID-19. Método: Estudo qualitativo, descritivo, multicêntrico, realizado setembro de 2020 e julho de 2021 com 35 trabalhadores de enfermagem de unidades COVID-19 de sete hospitais do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Os dados foram produzidos por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e submetidos à análise temática de conteúdo com auxílio do software NVivo. Resultados: Os participantes referiram disponibilidade de recursos materiais e equipamentos de proteção individual, mas percebiam carências de recursos humanos, de suporte multiprofissional e absorção extra de tarefas, resultando na intensificação do trabalho e culminando em sobrecarga. Aspectos profissionais e institucionais também foram referidos, como fragilidade na autonomia profissional, defasagem salarial, atrasos nos pagamentos e pouca valorização institucional. Conclusão: Os trabalhadores de enfermagem das unidades COVID-19 conviveram com a precarização das condições de trabalho, agravadas por elementos organizacionais, profissionais e financeiros.

Pleasure and suffering of nursing in COVID-19 hospital units: between disenchantment and formation of meanings / Placer y sufrimiento de enfermería en unidades hospitalarias COVID-19: entre el desencanto y la formación de sentidos / Prazer e sofrimento de enfermagem em unidades hospitalares COVID-19: entre desencantos e formação de sentidos

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the experiences of pleasure and suffering of nursing workers in COVID-19 hospital units. Methods: a multicenter, qualitative study, developed with 35 nursing workers from COVID-19 units in seven hospitals in southern Brazil. Data were produced through semi-structured interviews, submitted to thematic content analysis with the help of NVivo. Results: experiences of pleasure were linked to gratification, identification with work content, positive results in care, recognition, integration with the team and personal overcoming. Suffering was revealed in daily life of deaths and losses, feelings of helplessness, team conflicts, institutional demands, professional devaluation. Workers reported disenchantment, but also strengthening the meaning of their work, highlighting frontline impacts on their mental health. Final considerations: in the dynamics between pleasure and suffering in nursing work in COVID-19 hospital units, elements point to the risk of psychological illness.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar las experiencias de placer y sufrimiento de trabajadores de enfermería en unidades hospitalarias COVID-19. Métodos: estudio multicéntrico, cualitativo, desarrollado con 35 trabajadores de enfermería de unidades COVID-19 de siete hospitales del sur de Brasil. Los datos fueron producidos a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas, sometidas al análisis de contenido temático con el auxilio del software NVivo. Resultados: las experiencias de placer se vincularon a la gratificación, identificación con el contenido del trabajo, resultados positivos en el cuidado, reconocimiento, integración con el equipo y superación personal. El sufrimiento se reveló en el cotidiano de muertes y pérdidas, sentimientos de impotencia, conflictos de equipo, exigencias institucionales, desvalorización profesional. Los trabajadores informaron desencanto, pero también fortalecieron el significado de su trabajo, destacando los impactos de primera línea en su salud mental. Consideraciones finales: en la dinámica entre placer y sufrimiento en el trabajo de enfermería en unidades hospitalarias COVID-19, elementos apuntan para el riesgo de enfermedad psíquica.

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar as vivências de prazer e sofrimento de trabalhadores de enfermagem em unidades hospitalares COVID-19. Métodos: estudo multicêntrico, qualitativo, desenvolvido com 35 trabalhadores de enfermagem de unidades COVID-19 de sete hospitais do Sul do Brasil. Os dados foram produzidos por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, submetidos à análise temática de conteúdo com auxílio do software NVivo. Resultados: vivências de prazer estavam vinculadas à gratificação, identificação com o conteúdo do trabalho, resultados positivos na assistência, reconhecimento, integração com a equipe e superações pessoais. O sofrimento se relevou no cotidiano de mortes e perdas, sentimento de impotência, conflitos na equipe, cobranças institucionais, desvalorização profissional. Os trabalhadores relataram desencantos, mas também fortalecimento dos sentidos do seu trabalho, ressaltando impactos da linha de frente em sua saúde mental. Considerações finais: na dinâmica entre prazer e sofrimento no trabalho de enfermagem em unidades hospitalares COVID-19, elementos sinalizam para o risco de adoecimento psíquico.

Occupational Well-Being of Multidisciplinary PHC Teams: Barriers/Facilitators and Negotiations to Improve Working Conditions.

Well-being at work is one of the factors determining healthy work conditions and is perceived by workers as a positive psychological state. In this study, the concept of well-being at work was used together with occupational functionality (i.e., current health state, current work environment, and barriers/facilitators to implementing well-being at work), occupational risk perception, and proactivity/negotiations held by workers to improve working conditions. In this context, the objectives were to identify the socio-demographic and occupational characteristics independently associated with levels of well-being at work of the multidisciplinary PHC health team; detect barriers or facilitators resulting from the attitudes of colleagues, community members, and managers that influence the well-being at work of the multidisciplinary health team; and identify with whom and what reasons led health workers to become proactive and negotiate improved working conditions. This cross-sectional study addressed 338 health workers from the multidisciplinary teams of PHC outpatient services in the extreme south of Brazil. Multivariate linear regression models were adopted to analyze data. The results show various independent associations with levels of well-being at work. Nursing workers (technicians and nurses) more frequently expressed job commitment and job satisfaction. Difficulties in solving problems and performing work routines, and co-workers' attitudes directly influence the well-being of the PHC team members. Risk perception (physical and chemical) also influences well-being. Negotiations in which PHC managers engaged to improve working conditions appeared as a significant predictor of job commitment, job satisfaction, and job involvement. The results reveal that well-being at work is an important indicator of the potential of workers' proactivity in negotiating improved working conditions.

Domains of Physical and Mental Workload in Health Work and Unpaid Domestic Work by Gender Division: A Study with Primary Health Care Workers in Brazil.

Various studies indicate that workload metrics can be used to assess inequities in the division of labor according to gender and in the mental health of health care professionals. In most studies, the workload is portrayed in a way that does not integrate the different fields of work, that is, work in health services and unpaid domestic work. The objective was to determine the effects of the workload domains of health work and unpaid domestic work according to the gender division of health professionals working in primary health care (PHC), and to analyze the workload as an inducer of anxiety disorders and episodes of depression. This cross-sectional study consisted of 342 health care professionals recruited for interview at primary health care units in the extreme south of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Sociodemographic and occupational variables, workload in PHC and unpaid domestic work, and dichotomies of anxiety disorders and episodes of depression were considered. Poisson and multivariate linear regression models were used for data analysis. Cohen's standardized effect size was used to assess the magnitude of the difference between women and men in terms of workload. The female professionals presented higher scores in terms of PHC work and unpaid domestic work and higher proportions of episodes of depression and anxiety disorders compared to males. The male professionals showed that anxiety disorders presented a medium standardized effect size on domestic workload and the level of frustration with family involvement was higher in those with episodes of depression. The results illustrate that the workload metric is an important indicator of female vulnerability to working conditions in PHC and in the family environment.

Aspectos da ambiência que influenciam o processo de trabalho na unidade materno-infantil / Aspects of the ambience that influence the work process in the mother and child unit / Aspectos del ambiente que influyen en el proceso de trabajo en la unidad maternoinfantil

Objetivo: conhecer aspectos da ambiência que influenciam no processo de trabalho na unidade materno-infantil. Método: pesquisa qualitativa de caráter exploratório e descritivo; realizada em uma unidade materno-infantil. Participaram 21 profissionais de enfermagem. A coleta de dados ocorreu por entrevista semiestruturada gravada; posteriormente submetidos à análise temática. Resultados: como aspectos que contribuem no desenvolvimento do processo de trabalho elencaram-se a boa relação entre a equipe de enfermagem; disponibilidade de recurso pessoal e material; a identidade do hospital. Como dificultadores foi apontada a falta de especificidade e espaço da unidade; sua localização; dificuldade na comunicação e a assimetria entre os cuidados prestados pela equipe de enfermagem e médica. Conclusão: a ambiência da unidade materno-infantil deve contemplar a confortabilidade das mulheres internadas; possibilitar a produção de subjetividade dos profissionais de enfermagem, por meio do trabalho em equipe multiprofissional; bem como favorecer a utilização do próprio espaço como ferramenta facilitadora da produção de saúde.

Objective: to know aspects of the ambience that influences the work process in the mother and child unit. Method: qualitative exploratory and descriptive study performed in a mother-child unit. Twenty-one nursing professionals participated. Data collection took place through a semi-structured recorded interview subsequently submitted to thematic analysis. Results: as aspects that contribute to the development of the work process, the good relationship within the nursing team, availability of personal and material resources, and the hospital's identity were listed. As hindering aspects, the participants mentioned the lack of specificity and space of the unit; the location of the unit; the difficulty in communication; and the asymmetry between the care provided by the nursing and medical staff. Conclusion: the ambience of the mother-child unit must take into consideration the comfort of hospitalized women; enable the production of subjectivity of nursing professionals through work in a multiprofessional team; and favor the use of the space itself as a tool to facilitate the production of health.

Objetivo: conocer aspectos del ambiente que influyen en el proceso de trabajo en la unidad maternoinfantil. Método: investigación cualitativa, exploratoria y descriptiva; conducida en una unidad maternoinfantil. Tuvo la participación de 21 profesionales de enfermería. La recolección de datos se dio por entrevista semiestructurada grabada; posteriormente sometidos al análisis temático. Resultados: como aspectos que contribuyen para el desarrollo del proceso de trabajo, se enumeraron la buena relación entre el equipo de enfermería; la disponibilidad de recursos personales y materiales; la identidad del hospital. Como obstáculos, se señalaron la falta de especificidad y espacio de la unidad; su ubicación; la dificultad en la comunicación y la asimetría entre la atención brindada por el personal médico y de enfermería. Conclusión: el ambiente de la unidad maternoinfantil debe contemplar la confortabilidad de las mujeres hospitalizadas; posibilitar la producción de subjetividad de los profesionales de enfermería, mediante el trabajo en equipo multidisciplinario; así como favorecer el uso del propio espacio como herramienta para facilitar la producción de salud.

Absenteeism and associated factors: a study addressing the workers from a footwear manufacturer.

OBJECTIVES: To characterize absenteeism among the workers of a footwear manufacturer and analyze associated factors. METHOD: This quantitative and cross-sectional study addressed 572 workers from a footwear company located in southern Brazil, totaling 1,902 sick leaves in 2017. Analyses considered absolute and relative frequencies, and univariate and multivariate Poisson regression models were performed. RESULTS: Most workers taking a leave from work were women with a job position in the operational sector to accompany a family member to attend a medical appointment or take exams. In the multivariate analysis, the following variables appeared associated with leaves longer than three days: being ≥ 50 years older, working in the Production Support sector, working in the company from 16 to 20 years, and nine groups of diseases (ICD-10). CONCLUSION: The findings contribute to understanding this industry's absenteeism profile, supporting strategies to promote positive economic and social impact, and promote adequate occupational health and safety.

Journal of Nursing and Health: 10 anos de história / Journal of Nursing and Health: 10 años de historia / Journal of Nursing and Health: 10 years of history

A Revista da Faculdade de Enfermagem (FEn) da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), já foi criada com denominação no idioma inglês: Journal of Nursing and Health (JONAH), pensando-se na sua visibilidade para despertar o interesse de submissão de artigos por autores estrangeiros. O primeiro registro de publicação de artigo na página da revista foi em 03 de março de 2011, sendo essa data considerada o marco de nascimento do JONAH, pois a publicação é o que torna a revista 'viva'. Assim, em celebração aos seus 10 anos, as editoras da revista remontam os principais acontecimentos da trajetória do JONAH.(AU)

Riscos ocupacionais no trabalho agrícola e a negociação para a saúde do trabalhador rural' / Riesgos laborales en el trabajo agrícola y la negociación para la salud del trabajador rural / Occupational risks in agricultural work and the negotiation for the health of rural workers

Objetivo: apreender a relação entre riscos ocupacionais no trabalho agrícola e a negociação para a saúde do trabalhador rural. Método: estudo misto concorrente aninhado, combinado por integração (QUAN + QUAL) igualitária. Realizado com 351 agricultores, entre 2014/2015, por meio de formulário e entrevista semiestruturada. Para a análise, utilizou-se a estatística descritiva e inferencial e a classificação hierárquica descendente e a nuvem de palavras. Resultados: na fase QUAN, obteve-se idade média de 50,58 anos e predomínio de sintomas de adoecimento nos sistemas muscular, endócrino e urinário. Na fase QUAL, evidenciou-se que a negociação dos produtos agrícolas amplia a exposição dos trabalhadores a riscos físico, químico e ergonômico. O lucro representa o objetivo e permite o custeio de equipamentos, assistência à saúde e terapêutica medicamentosa, mediante o adoecimento. Conclusão: os riscos ocupacionais estão presentes no trabalho agrícola. A negociação reduz-se ao consumo de serviços e produtos de saúde em presença do adoecimento.

Objective: to understand the relationship between occupational risks in agricultural work and the negotiation for the health of rural workers. Method: mixed nested concurrent study, combined with equal integration (QUAN + QUAL). It was conducted with 351 farmers, between 2014/2015, using a form and semi-structured interview. For the analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics and the descending hierarchical classification, and the word cloud were used. Results: in the QUAN phase, the average age of 50.58 years old was obtained and a predominance of symptoms of illness in the muscular, endocrine, and urinary systems. In the QUAL phase, it became evident that the negotiation of agricultural products increases the exposure of workers to physical, chemical, and ergonomic risks. Profit represents the goal and allows for the cost of equipment, health care, and drug therapy, through illness. Conclusion: occupational risks are present in agricultural work. Negotiation is reduced to the consumption of health services and products in the presence of illness.

Objetivo: comprender la relación entre riesgos laborales en el trabajo agrícola y la negociación para la salud del trabajador rural. Método: estudio mixto concurrente anidado, combinado por integración (QUAN + QUAL) igualitaria. Fue realizado con 351 agricultores, entre 2014/2015, por medio de un formulario y una entrevista semi-estructurada. Para el análisis, se utilizó la estadística descriptiva e inferencial y la clasificación jerárquica descendiente y la nube de palabras. Resultados: en la fase QUAN, se obtuvo una edad media de 50,58 años y predominio de síntomas de enfermedades en los sistemas muscular, endócrino y urinario. En la fase QUAL, se observó que la negociación de los productos agrícolas amplia la exposición de los trabajadores a riesgos físico, químico y ergonómico. El lucro representa el objetivo y permite el costeo de equipamientos, asistencia a la salud y terapéutica medicamentosa, mediante la enfermedad. Conclusión: los riesgos laborales están presentes en el trabajo agrícola. La negociación se reduce al consumo de servicios y productos de salud en la presencia de la enfermedad.

Absenteeism and associated factors: a study addressing the workers from a footwear manufacturer / Ausentismo y factores asociados: estudio con trabajadores en una industria del calzado / Absenteísmo e fatores associados: estudo com trabalhadores de uma indústria calçadista

ABSTRACT Objectives: To characterize absenteeism among the workers of a footwear manufacturer and analyze associated factors. Method: This quantitative and cross-sectional study addressed 572 workers from a footwear company located in southern Brazil, totaling 1,902 sick leaves in 2017. Analyses considered absolute and relative frequencies, and univariate and multivariate Poisson regression models were performed. Results: Most workers taking a leave from work were women with a job position in the operational sector to accompany a family member to attend a medical appointment or take exams. In the multivariate analysis, the following variables appeared associated with leaves longer than three days: being ≥ 50 years older, working in the Production Support sector, working in the company from 16 to 20 years, and nine groups of diseases (ICD-10). Conclusion: The findings contribute to understanding this industry's absenteeism profile, supporting strategies to promote positive economic and social impact, and promote adequate occupational health and safety.

RESUMEN Objetivos: Caracterizar el absentismo de los trabajadores en una industria en el sector del calzado y analizar los factores asociados con el tiempo de ausencia de los trabajadores. Método: Se trata de un estudio cuantitativo y transversal realizado con572 trabajadores del calzado en el sur de Brasil que tuvieron 1902 eventos de abandono en 2017. Los análisis se realizaron tanto por frecuencias absolutas como relativas y utilizando el modelo de regresión de Poisson univariado y multivariado. Resultados: Predominio femenino; sector operativo y cargo; certificados médicos y motivos de ausencia por seguimiento familiar, consultas y reconocimientos. En el análisis multivariado, mantuvieron asociación con más de tres días de ausencia: edad ≥ 50 años, sector de Apoyo a la Producción y tiempo de trabajo en la empresa de 16 a 20 años, además de nueve grupos de enfermedades de la ICD-10. Conclusión: Tales hallazgos contribuyen a la comprensión del perfil de absentismo de la industria, favoreciendo la planificación de estrategias asertivas a los impactos económicos y sociales y la asistencia adecuada a la salud y seguridad de los trabajadores.

RESUMO Objetivos: Caracterizar o absenteísmo de trabalhadores de uma indústria do setor calçadista e analisar fatores associados com o tempo de afastamento dos trabalhadores. Método: Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo e transversal com 572 trabalhadores calçadistas do Sul do Brasil que tiveram 1902 eventos de afastamento no ano de 2017. As analises foram realizadas tanto por frequências absolutas e relativas, quanto usando o modelo de Regressão de Poisson univariada e multivariada. Resultados: Predomínio do sexo feminino; de setor e cargo operacionais; de atestados médicos e de motivos de afastamento por acompanhamento familiar, consultas e exames. Na análise multivariada, mantiveram associação com mais de três dias de afastamento: idade ≥ 50 anos, setor Apoio à Produção e tempo de trabalho na empresa de 16 a 20 anos, além de nove grupos de doenças do CID-10. Conclusão: Os achados contribuem na compreensão do perfil de absenteísmo da indústria, favorecendo o planejamento de estratégias assertivas aos impactos econômicos e sociais e adequada assistência à saúde e segurança do trabalhador.

Work accidents with children and youth in a rural environment in southern Brazil.

OBJECTIVE: to know the prevalence of occupational accidents in children and youth who work with their families in the rural environment and to identify the associated factors. METHOD: exploratory, descriptive and analytical study with quantitative approach, developed in three rural areas. Participants were 211 children and young people who assisted the family in rural work. Data collection was performed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Bivariate analysis was performed using Pearson's chi-square, Fisher's exact, Student's t and Mann-Whitney tests and multivariate analysis using Poisson regression. RESULTS: the prevalence of self-reported occupational accidents was 55%. It was highlighted: insect bites (44%), burns (40.5%), falls (27.6%), injury with a working tool (16.4%), electric shock (15.5 %), burn by animal (8.6%), animal bite (6.9%) and pesticide poisoning (2.6%). These were related to shared housing, leisure activity - riding a motorcycle, product resulting from lettuce cultivation and use of personal protective equipment. CONCLUSION: it is believed that these findings may enhance the development of public policies aimed at preserving the health of these children and young people, regulate working conditions and reduce occupational risks in the rural environment.

Work accidents with children and youth in a rural environment in southern Brazil / Acidentes de trabalho em crianças e jovens em ambiente rural no Sul do Brasil / Accidentes de trabajo en niños y jóvenes en ambiente rural en el Sur de Brasil

Objective: to know the prevalence of occupational accidents in children and youth who work with their families in the rural environment and to identify the associated factors. Method: exploratory, descriptive and analytical study with quantitative approach, developed in three rural areas. Participants were 211 children and young people who assisted the family in rural work. Data collection was performed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Bivariate analysis was performed using Pearson's chi-square, Fisher's exact, Student's t and Mann-Whitney tests and multivariate analysis using Poisson regression. Results: the prevalence of self-reported occupational accidents was 55%. It was highlighted: insect bites (44%), burns (40.5%), falls (27.6%), injury with a working tool (16.4%), electric shock (15.5 %), burn by animal (8.6%), animal bite (6.9%) and pesticide poisoning (2.6%). These were related to shared housing, leisure activity - riding a motorcycle, product resulting from lettuce cultivation and use of personal protective equipment. Conclusion: it is believed that these findings may enhance the development of public policies aimed at preserving the health of these children and young people, regulate working conditions and reduce occupational risks in the rural environment.

Objetivo: conhecer a prevalência de acidentes de trabalho em crianças e jovens que trabalham com a família no ambiente rural e identificar os fatores associados. Método: estudo exploratório, descritivo e analítico, com abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvido em três ambientes rurais. Participaram 211 crianças e jovens que auxiliavam a família no trabalho rural. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de questionário semiestruturado. A análise bivariada foi realizada utilizando-se os testes qui-quadrado de Pearson, exato de Fisher, t de Student e Mann-Whitney e análise multivariada, por meio da regressão de Poisson. Resultados: a prevalência de acidentes de trabalho autorreferidos foi de 55%. Destacaram-se: picadas de insetos (44%), queimaduras (40,5%), quedas no ambiente de trabalho (27,6%), lesão com instrumento de trabalho (16,4%), choque elétrico (15,5%), queimadura por animais (8,6%), mordida de animais (6,9%) e intoxicação por uso de agrotóxicos (2,6%). Esses relacionaram-se com moradia mista, atividade de lazer - andar de motocicleta, produto resultante do cultivo de alface e uso de equipamentos de proteção individual. Conclusão: acredita-se que esses achados possam incrementar o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas direcionadas à manutenção da saúde dessas crianças e jovens, ao controle das condições de trabalho e à redução dos riscos ocupacionais no ambiente rural.

Objetivo: conocer la prevalencia de accidentes de trabajo en niños y jóvenes que trabajan con la familia en ambiente rural e identificar los factores asociados. Método: estudio exploratorio, descriptivo y analítico, con abordaje cuantitativo, desarrollado en tres ambientes rurales. Participaron 211 niños y jóvenes que auxiliaban a la familia en el trabajo rural. La recolección de datos fue realizada por medio de cuestionario semiestructurado. El análisis bivariado fue realizado utilizando las pruebas: Chi-cuadrado de Pearson, exacta de Fisher, t de Student y Mann-Whitney y el análisis multivariado, por medio de la regresión de Poisson. Resultados: la prevalencia de accidentes de trabajo auto relatados fue de 55%. Se destacaron: picadas de insectos (44%), quemaduras (40,5%), caídas en el ambiente de trabajo (27,6%), lesión con instrumento de trabajo (16,4%), choque eléctrico (15,5%), quemadura por animales (8,6%), mordida de animales (6,9%) e intoxicación por uso de pesticidas (2,6%). Esos se relacionaron con vivienda mixta, actividad de ocio (andar de motocicleta), cultivo de lechuga y uso de equipamientos de protección individual. Conclusión: se piensa que esos hallazgos podrían incrementar el desarrollo de políticas públicas dirigidas a la manutención de la salud de esos niños y jóvenes, al control de las condiciones de trabajo y a la reducción de los riesgos ocupacionales en el ambiente rural.

Socio-environmental risks associated with the green tobacco sickness in farmers: a case-control study / Riesgos socioambientales asociados a la enfermedad del tabaco verde en agricultores: un estudio caso-control / Riscos socioambientais associados à doença da folha verde do tabaco em agricultores: um estudo caso-controle

ABSTRACT Objective: to determine the presence of socio-environmental risk factors for the development of Green Tobacco Sickness in workers who grow Burley tobacco. Method: matched case-control study. The data collection took place in two moments: from December 2016 to January 2017 and December 2017, when the Burley tobacco was collected, through a household survey with interview application and urine collection for urinary cotinine. Results: the socio-environmental risk factors that remained associated with the disease were: bundling tobacco (p=0.047) and wearing socks (p=0.011); with protective effect were found sticking tobacco seeding of the day (p=0.006) and number of tobacco harvested per day (p=0.021). Conclusion: the steps in the Burley tobacco work process increase the exposure and risk of developing the disease. By identifying these factors, it is possible to address interdisciplinary control and prevention measures.

RESUMEN Objetivo: determinar la presencia de factores de riesgo socioambientales para el desarrollo de la Enfermedad del Tabaco Verde en trabajadores que cultivan el tabaco Burley. Método: estudio del tipo caso-control pareado. La recolección de datos ocurrió en dos momentos: de diciembre de 2016 a enero de 2017 y diciembre de 2017, período en que ocurrió la recolección del tabaco Burley, por medio de encuesta domiciliaria con aplicación de entrevista y recolección de orina para el examen de cotinina urinaria. Resultados: los factores de riesgo socioambientales que permanecieron asociados a la enfermedad fueron aferrar tabaco (p=0,047) y usar medias (p=0,011); con efecto protector fueron encontrados espetar los pies de tabaco del día (p=0,006) y el número de pies de tabaco cosechados por día (p=0,021). Conclusión: las etapas del proceso de trabajo con tabaco Burley aumentan la exposición y el riesgo de desarrollar la enfermedad. Al identificar estos factores, es posible dirigir, de forma interdisciplinaria, medidas de control y prevención.

RESUMO Objetivo: determinar a presença de fatores de riscos socioambientais para o desenvolvimento da Doença da Folha Verde do Tabaco em trabalhadores que cultivam o tabaco Burley. Método: estudo do tipo caso-controle pareado. A coleta de dados ocorreu em dois momentos: de dezembro de 2016 a janeiro de 2017 e dezembro de 2017, período em que ocorreu a colheita do tabaco Burley, por meio de inquérito domiciliar com aplicação de entrevista e coleta de urina para exame de cotinina urinária. Resultados: os fatores de riscos socioambientais que permaneceram associados à doença foram enfeixar tabaco (p=0,047) e usar meias (p=0,011); com efeito protetor foram encontrados espetar pés de tabaco do dia (p=0,006) e número de pés de tabaco colhido por dia (p=0,021). Conclusão: as etapas do processo de trabalho com tabaco Burley aumentam a exposição e o risco de desenvolver a doença. Ao identificar esses fatores, é possível direcionar, de forma interdisciplinar, medidas de controle e prevenção.

Socio-environmental risks associated with the green tobacco sickness in farmers: a case-control study.

OBJECTIVE: to determine the presence of socio-environmental risk factors for the development of Green Tobacco Sickness in workers who grow Burley tobacco. METHOD: matched case-control study. The data collection took place in two moments: from December 2016 to January 2017 and December 2017, when the Burley tobacco was collected, through a household survey with interview application and urine collection for urinary cotinine. RESULTS: the socio-environmental risk factors that remained associated with the disease were: bundling tobacco (p=0.047) and wearing socks (p=0.011); with protective effect were found sticking tobacco seeding of the day (p=0.006) and number of tobacco harvested per day (p=0.021). CONCLUSION: the steps in the Burley tobacco work process increase the exposure and risk of developing the disease. By identifying these factors, it is possible to address interdisciplinary control and prevention measures.

Manifestações oculares em trabalhadores portuários: prevalência e fatores associados / Manifestaciones oculares en trabajadores portuarios: prevalencia y factores asociados / Ocular manifestations in port workers: prevalence and associated factors

Resumo Objetivo: Conhecer a prevalência de manifestações oculares em trabalhadores portuários e identificar fatores associados. Métodos: Estudo transversal em um Porto marítimo do extremo Sul do Brasil. Participaram 232 trabalhadores. Para coleta dos dados utilizou-se entrevista estruturada. Foi utilizado teste t de Student para amostras independentes, a fim de comparar as médias dos trabalhadores com manifestações oculares, por meio dos qualificadores em grau no mínimo moderado (presença de manifestações oculares) e aqueles sem manifestações oculares ou grau leve (ausência de manifestações oculares). O teste de Mann-Whitney foi utilizado no caso de assimetria. O teste do qui-quadrado de Pearson ou o teste exato de Fisher foram usados para comparar proporções e a análise de Regressão de Poisson foi usada para controlar os fatores de confusão. Resultados: A prevalência de manifestações oculares autorreferidos foi 92,2%. As manifestações oculares foram: coceira/prurido (49,1%), irritação (41,4%), ardor (39,2%), lacrimejamento (34,9%), sensação de cansaço (32,3%), alteração na pigmentação ocular (26,7%), dor (17,7%), ressecamento dos olhos (14,2%) e sensação de pressão atrás dos olhos (9,9). A utilização de filme para envelopar mercadoria contribuiu para maior prevalência de manifestações oculares. Já a utilização de luvas como equipamento de proteção individual auxiliou na menor prevalências dessas manifestações. Conclusão: Acredita-se que os achados do presente estudo possam subsidiar a avaliação clínica do enfermeiro na abordagem de trabalhadores portuários, assim como direcionar o planejamento e a implementação de cuidados socioambientais condizentes com as necessidades de saúde desses e de outros trabalhadores.

Resumen Objetivo: Conocer la prevalencia de manifestaciones oculares en trabajadores portuarios e identificar factores asociados. Métodos: Estudio transversal en un puerto marítimo del extremo sur de Brasil. Participaron 232 trabajadores. Para la recolección de los datos se utilizó una entrevista estructurada. Se utilizó la prueba t de Student para muestras independientes, para comparar las medias de los trabajadores con manifestaciones oculares, a través de los calificadores en grado como mínimo moderado (presencia de manifestaciones oculares) y aquellos sin manifestaciones oculares o grado leve (ausencia de manifestaciones oculares). La prueba de Mann-Whitney fue utilizada en el caso de asimetría. La prueba del Chi-cuadrado de Pearson o la prueba exacta de Fisher se utilizaron para comparar proporciones y el análisis de Regresión de Poisson se utilizó para controlar los factores de confusión. Resultados: La prevalencia de manifestaciones oculares autorreferidas fue del 92,2%. Las manifestaciones oculares fueron: picazón / prurito (49,1%), irritación (41,4%), ardor (39,2%), lagrimeo (34,9%), sensación de cansancio (32,3%), alteración en la pigmentación ocular (26,7%), dolor (17,7%), sequedad de los ojos (14,2%) y sensación de presión detrás de los ojos (9,9). La utilización de una película para embalar mercancías contribuyó a una mayor prevalencia de manifestaciones oculares. La utilización de guantes como equipo de protección individual ayudó en la menor prevalencia de esas manifestaciones. Conclusión: Se cree que los hallazgos del presente estudio pueden subsidiar la evaluación clínica del enfermero en el abordaje de trabajadores portuarios, así como dirigir la planificación y la implementación de cuidados socioambientales que estén de acuerdo con las necesidades de salud de esos y de otros trabajadores.

Abstract Objective: To understand the prevalence of ocular manifestations in port workers and identify associated factors. Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out in a seaport in southern Brazil. A total of 232 workers participated in the study. Structured interviews were applied for data collection. Student's t-test was used for independent samples to compare the means of workers with ocular manifestations, applying qualifiers with a moderate minimum level (presence of ocular manifestations) and with a low level or without ocular manifestations (lack of ocular manifestations). The Mann-Whitney test was used for cases of asymmetry. Pearson's Chi-square and Fisher's exact test were carried out to compare the rates, whereas Poisson Regression was used to control the confounding factors. Results: The prevalence of self-reported ocular manifestations was 92.2%. Ocular manifestations were: itching/pruritus (49.1%), rash (41.4%), burning (39.2%), lacrimation (34.9%), fatigue (32.3%), change in ocular pigmentation (26.7%), pain (17.7%), eye dryness (14.2%), and pressure sensation behind the eyes (9.9%). The use of film for wrapping goods contributed to a higher prevalence of ocular manifestations. The use of gloves as personal protective equipment led to a lower prevalence of these manifestations. Conclusion: The findings of the current study may contribute to the clinical assessment of nurses in approaching port workers, as well as to guide the planning and implementation of social and environmental care in line with the health needs of these or other workers.